The “Calcutta National Medical College” has its origin in the “National Medical Institute” or “Jatiya Ayurbigyan Vidyalaya” on 14 April 1921,founded as a product of the Non-cooperation movement. It was inaugurated by Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose. The College is locally known as Chittaranjan Hospital. Established in 1948, the institute was nationalized and taken under the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (West Bengal) in 1967. The college is accredited by the National Medical Commission (NMC). It was affiliated with the University of Calcutta till 2003. It is currently affiliated to the West Bengal University of Health Sciences(WBUHS).

Calcutta National Medical College is the new name of the Calcutta National Medical Institute (Estd 1948) which was established bu the amalgamation of National medical institute (Estd 1921) and Calcutta medical institute (Estd 1907) at 32 Gorachand Road, Calcutta-14.

Now the College and hospital is under the Department of Health & Family Welfare, Govt of West Bengal since 1967.